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The vast array of small and capable IoT devices has found meaningful business application in major industries. Consider some of the expanding use cases in five important industries:
- Home (commercial or end user). IoT devices appear in homes for energy management, security and even some task automation:
- Thermostats and lighting can be scheduled and controlled through internet applications.
- Motion activated sensors can trigger video and audio streams to homeowner smartphones.
- Water sensors can watch basements for leaks.
- Smoke, fire and CO2Â detectors can report danger to users.
- IoT actuators can lock and unlock doors remotely.
- Smart refrigerators can track contents, and automated vacuums keep the home clean without direct human intervention.
- Manufacturing. IoT devices have found broad adoption in all manner of manufacturing and industrial settings. Examples of the industrial internet of things (IOT) include the following:
- IoT tags can track, locate and inventory enterprise assets.
- IoT devices can help monitor and optimize the use of energy, such as lowering lighting when human-occupied areas are idle or lowering temperature settings during off hours.
- IoT sensors and actuators can support process automation and optimization.
- IoT devices can monitor all types of machine behaviors and parameters during normal operation, enabling ML to guide predictive maintenance to optimize process uptime.
- Public (health and safety). IoT sensors with cellular-class connectivity can operate collaboratively across metropolitan areas to serve a wide range of purposes:
- IoT devices can detect the presence of vehicle traffic, enabling cities to adjust street lighting on idle streets and off hours.
- Crime prevention efforts might include camera-based surveillance while connected audio detection can direct police to areas where gunfire is detected.
- Cameras can be used to determine and optimize traffic, while transponders and cameras can read license plates or toll boxes to direct toll collection and management.
- Interconnected parking systems enable cities to track parking spots and alert drivers to available spots through an app.
- Sensors can watch bridges and other structures for stress and problems, enabling early detection and remediation.
- Sensors can monitor water quality, enabling early detection of contaminants or pollutants.
- Medical and health. IoT is present in remote patient telemetry and other medical uses:
- IoT is present in countless wireless wearable devices, including blood pressure cuffs, heart rate monitors and glucometers. Devices can be tuned to watch for calories, exercise goals and remind patients of appointments or medications.
- IoT enables early warning devices, such as fall detection, that alert health providers and family members and even provide location information for the potential issue.
- The remote monitoring of IOT helps health providers track patient health and adherence to treatment plans, and perhaps better correlate health issues with telemetry data.
- Hospitals can use IoT to tag and track the real-time location of medical equipment, including defibrillators, nebulizers, oxygen and wheelchairs.
- IoT in staff badges can help locate and direct staff more efficiently.
- IoT can help with other equipment control -- such as pharmacy inventory, refrigerator temperatures and humidity and temperature control.
- IoT hygiene monitoring equipment can help ensure that medical environments are clean and help reduce infection.
- Retail. IoT and big data analytics have found extensive use in retail sales and physical store environments:
- IoT devices can tag every product, enabling automated inventory control, loss prevention and supply chain management -- placing orders based on sales and inventory levels.
- Cameras and other surveillance technologies can watch shopper activity and preferences, helping retail stores optimize layouts and organize related products to maximize sales.
- IoT devices can support touchless and scan-less checkout and payment, such as near field communication payment.
